Psychoanalysis:

Method of investigation of conscious and unconscious psychic processes developed from Freud’s discoveries or those of other schools.
Psychoanalysis is a way to extend the field of consciousness of a possible will by dissolving affective contractures. It heals by a victory of the memory over the unconscious (Ricœur, 1949, p. 361).
Freud is the founder at the end of the 19th century. Psychoanalysis then diversified into various currents. One distinguishes essentially the psychoanalysis :

Freudian
Jungian
Post-Freudian
Lacanian

Each of them defends “its parish” with strength and conviction. Discovering the functioning of the human psyche and describing its physiology were at the basis of Freud, Jung and Lacan’s concerns.